晋太宗宣武帝实录34(1 / 2)

晋略 巴奀月 0 字 2022-10-25

 陈牧:寡人欲知,人君何以化下?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,以人君行教化于下,如风偃草。君子之德风,小人之德草,草上之风必偃。言君子以仁信化下,如风偃草之易也。上不节心,则下多逸志,《康诰》曰:一人贪戾,一国作乱。《汉书》曰:宫中好高髻,城中高一尺。《荀子》曰:上好贪利,则臣下百倍。亦此之义也。君子有诸己而后求诸人,言君子当修身约己,以化天下。若不能修身约己,而欲禁民为非者,是犹恶火之燃,添薪望其止焰;忿池之浊,挠浪欲止其流,不可得也,人君苟能先正其身以率下,则不言而信,不教而化矣。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

chenmu:iwanttoknowhowtoeducatethecourtiers?sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:ithink,thekingedifiestheworldlikeawindblowinggrass,therefore,thegentlemanisgratefulforthewindandthelittlemanisnot,gentlemeneducatepeoplewithbenevolenceandintegrity,it‘saseasyaswindblowinggrass,ifthekingdoesnotrestrainhimself,thenotherswillfollowsuit,ifthekingisexcessivelygreedy,thenthecountrywillfallintochaos,whatthekinglikestodo,thenotherswillliketodoitmore,that‘sprettymuchit,agentlemanmustdoithimselfbeforehecanaskforothers,onlyinthiswaycantheworldbeenlightened,it‘simpossibletoasksomeoneelsetodoitifyoucan‘tdoit,kingsdisciplinethemselvesandleadbyexample,kingsrestrainthemselvesandleadbyexample,andonlyinthiswaycantheyeducateothers,evenifyoudon‘tsayit,otherswillspontaneouslyfollowyou。

chenmu:sirisright,irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人闻,宏风导俗,莫尚于文,何也?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,尚者,加也。宏广风化,导引习俗,无加于文术。《学记》曰:君子欲化民成俗,其必由学乎!敷教训人,莫善于学。善者,大也。敷宣政教,训诲人民,无大于学校。《学记》曰:虽有至道,弗学不知其善。因文而隆道,假学以光身。因者,由也。假,藉也。由以文术,可兴隆道德;藉以学习,可光显身名。《刘子》曰:未有不因学以鉴道,不假学以光身者也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:ihaveheardthatinordertoeducatetheworld,literaturemustbepromoted,sirtaughtmewhy?

xiaofan:ithink,itisveryimportantfortheeducationoftheworldtopromoteliterature,ifyouwanttomakethesocialenvironmentbetter,youneedtoguidepeopletolearn,thenliteratureisitsfoundation,ifyouwanttopromoteliterature,youmustfirstestablishschools,althoughthetruthexists,youdon‘tknowitwithoutlearning,promotebenevolencethroughliterature,atthesametime,theywillcultivatetheirownmorality,itisgoodforthecountryandforoneself,ifnotso,thenitwillnotachievesuchaneffect。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。