晋太宗宣武帝实录23(1 / 2)

晋略 巴奀月 0 字 2022-10-25

 陈牧:寡人闻,吾华夏有四海九州,何也?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,八荒之内有四海,四海之内有九州。天子处中州而制八方耳。两河间曰冀州,河南曰豫州,河西曰雍州,汉南曰荆州,江南曰扬州,济河间曰兖州,济东曰徐州,燕曰幽州,齐曰青州。山川汙泽,陵陆邱阜,五土之宜,圣王就其势,因其便,不失其性。历代王者,京师四通而致之。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:iheardthattherearefourseasandninestatesinchina,sirtaughtmewhichones?

xiaofan:ithink,therearefourseasbetweenheavenandearth,thereareninestatesbetweenthefourseas,theemperorruledovertheothereightstatesinthecenter,thereisjizhoubetweenthetworivers,yuzhouissouthofthegreatriver,thereisyongzhouwestofthegreatriver,southofthehanriverisjingzhou,thereisyangzhoueastofthehanriver,betweenthetworiversisyanzhou,xuzhouiseastofthejiriver,thestateofyanwastheformerstateofyan,thestateofqiwastheformerqingzhou,mountains,rivers,seas,land,hills,theirterrainisdifferent,theholykingdividedtheworldintoninestatesaccordingtotheirdifferences,successivekingshavelinkedthecentralgovernmentwiththeothereightstates。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:何为良将之姿?寡人愿闻先生之见。

萧凡:臣以为,责之而不骄,委之而不专,扶之而不隐,免之而不惧,此乃良将之姿也,良将之为政也,使人择之,不自举;使法量功,不自度,以是能功成而动宇内也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:iwonderwhatthecriteriaforagoodgeneralare?sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:ithink,thechiefentrustedhimwiththetask,buthewasnotproudandarbitrary,supporthimbuthedoesn‘thide,removehimbutheisnotafraid,thisisthequalificationofagoodgeneral,agoodgeneralhandlespoliticalaffairs,andhedoesnotelecthimselfbutletsothers,rewardaccordingtotherulesratherthanhisownwill,becauseofthis,theycanbuildmeritoriousdeedsandbecomefamousintheworld。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人欲大赦天下,以恩泽百姓,可乎?先生以为如何?

萧凡:臣以为,治世以大德,不以小惠,故匡衡、吴汉不愿为赦。刘玄德亦言,其周旋陈元方、郑康成间,每见启告,治乱之道悉矣,曾不语赦也。若梁武帝、唐玄宗,岁岁赦宥,奸人欣欣,善人喑哑,何益於治也!

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

chenmu:iwanttoforgivesinnersintheworldtoshowpeoplemykindness,sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:ithink,youshouldgovernyourcountrywithgreatvirtueratherthansmallfavors,therefore,kuanghengandwuhandidnotsupportarbitrarypardons,previously,liubei‘steacherstaughthimtogovernthecountrywithoutarbitrarypardons,emperorwuofliangandemperorxuanzongoftangoftenpardonedcriminals,thismakesthevillainveryhappyandthegentlemanveryhurt,howcansuchamethodgovernthecountrywell?

chenmu:sirisright,iwaswrong。